Tadalafil 5mg: PDE5 Inhibitor for Male ED by Boosting Blood Flow

I. name of the drug

Tadalafil (tadalafil) 5mg, a drug used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) and pulmonary hypertension (PAH) in men.

Second, the mechanism of action

1 、In the treatment of erectile dysfunction

Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor. During a male penile erection, sexual stimulation causes the release of nitric oxide (NO) from nerve endings in the penile cavernous body. NO activates guanylate cyclase, which converts guanosine triphosphate (GTP) into cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). CGMP causes smooth muscle relaxation and blood flows into the cavernous body of the penis to cause an erection.

While PDE5 degrades cGMP, tadalafil inhibits the activity of PDE5, which increases the concentration of cGMP, thereby enhancing penile erectile function.

2 、Treatment of pulmonary hypertension

-in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells, the increase of PDE5 activity will lead to the decrease of cGMP level, vasoconstriction and proliferation of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells. Tadalafil can increase the level of cGMP in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells by inhibiting PDE5, so as to dilate pulmonary vessels, reduce pulmonary artery pressure, reduce right ventricular load, and improve the exercise ability and symptoms of patients with pulmonary hypertension.

Usage and dosage (taking the treatment of erectile dysfunction as an example)

1 、Conventional usage

The initial recommended dose of tadalafil is 10mg, which is taken before sex, while the dose of 5mg is relatively low and can be adjusted according to individual efficacy and tolerability. for most patients, the maximum frequency of tadalafil is once a day.

Regular use of low dose of 5mg (for example, taking it regularly every day) has also shown a good effect on the improvement of erectile dysfunction in clinical studies, and may have some potential advantages, such as stable blood concentration, more natural improvement of erectile function and reduction of patients' expected sexual anxiety about sexual time.

2 、Special crowd

The elderlyGenerally, there is no need to adjust the initial dose, but due to the decline of physical function of the elderly, it may be more likely to have adverse reactions, which should be paid close attention to in the process of medication.

Patients with hepatic and renal insufficiencyPatients with mild or moderate renal insufficiency do not need to adjust the dose, but patients with severe renal insufficiency should be carefully evaluated. For patients with liver insufficiency (such as Child-Pugh grade An or B), the dose should not exceed 10mg, while it is not recommended for patients with Child-Pugh grade C.

IV. Adverse reactions

1 、Common adverse reactions

HeadacheIt is one of the more common adverse reactions, which may be related to the dilating effect of drugs on blood vessels.

DyspepsiaInclude symptoms such as stomach discomfort, abdominal distension and nausea, which may be due to the drug affecting the smooth muscle function of the gastrointestinal tract or local blood circulation.

Back painThe exact mechanism is not entirely clear, but it may be related to some indirect effects of tadalafil on the musculoskeletal system.

MyalgiaSome patients may have symptoms of muscle pain.

2 、Rare but serious adverse reactions

Visual abnormalityVery few patients may have visual changes such as blurred vision and loss of visual field, which may be related to the potential inhibitory effect of tadalafil on PDE6 (similar to PDE5 structure) in the retina. Although this condition is very rare, medication should be stopped and medical attention should be sought immediately.

Hearing loss or loss.Although the incidence is extremely low, it has also been reported to be related to the use of PDE5 inhibitors such as tadalafil, which requires attention.

V. matters needing attention

1 、Patients with cardiovascular disease

Tadalafil has a certain vasodilating effect. Patients with cardiovascular diseases (such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, etc.) should be carefully evaluated before use, because it will increase the burden on the cardiovascular system during sexual activity. If tadalafil is used at the same time, it may further affect cardiovascular function. Before using tadalafil to treat erectile dysfunction, cardiovascular disease should be stabilized.

2 、Interaction with other drugs

Tadalafil and organic nitrates (such as nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate, etc.) should not be used at the same time, as the combination of the two can cause severe hypotension and can be life-threatening.

-when used in conjunction with alpha-receptor blockers (such as tamsulosin, which is often used to treat dysuria caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia), the dose should be carefully adjusted, as both have the effect of lowering blood pressure and may increase the risk of hypotension.

3 、Related to sex life

Tadalafil itself does not cause erection and needs sexual stimulation to play a role, and when using tadalafil to treat erectile dysfunction, you should maintain a healthy lifestyle, such as proper exercise, reasonable diet, smoking and alcohol restriction, etc. to improve the overall therapeutic effect.

Here are some details about Tadalafe 5 mg:

1 、Mechanism of action:

Tadalafil increases the level of cGMP by inhibiting the degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by inhibiting PDE5 enzyme, which causes vascular smooth muscle to relax and blood flows into the penis and promotes erection.

2 、Usage and dosage:

-the recommended starting dose is 10 mg, which can be taken 30 minutes to 4 hours before sexual activity as needed.

-if 10 mg is not effective and well tolerated, the dose can be increased to 20 mg.

-take it at most once a day.

3 、Matters needing attention:

-before using tadalafil, you should inform your doctor of all your medical conditions, especially cardiovascular disease, high blood pressure, hypotension, retinal disease, etc.

-avoid being used in conjunction with nitrates (such as nitroglycerin), as this can lead to severe hypotension.

-consult your doctor in time if there are any side effects or adverse reactions.

4 、Possible side effects:

Common side effects include headache, indigestion, back pain, muscle pain, stuffy nose, blushing, etc.

-rare but more serious side effects may include changes in vision, hearing loss, chest pain, dyspnea, etc. If these symptoms occur, you should seek medical attention immediately.

5 、Drug interaction:

Tadalafil may interact with other drugs, including certain antibiotics, antifungal drugs, antivirals, antihypertensive drugs, etc. Be sure to inform your doctor of all drugs you are using before you start using tadalafil.

6 、The use of special groups:

-for the elderly or patients with hepatorenal insufficiency, the dose may need to be adjusted.

-pregnant and lactating women should not use tadalafil.

Tadalafil 5 mg is an effective drug for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction, but be sure to consult your doctor and follow your doctor's advice before using it.